{"id":106,"date":"2020-05-30T18:11:28","date_gmt":"2020-05-30T18:11:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/punjabi.lrc.columbia.edu\/?page_id=106"},"modified":"2020-10-14T05:12:21","modified_gmt":"2020-10-14T05:12:21","slug":"unit-6-possessive-pronouns","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/punjabi.lrc.columbia.edu\/?page_id=106","title":{"rendered":"Pronouns"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Possessive <\/strong>pronouns are important for complex sentences because we cannot indicate possession or ownership in sentences without possessive pronouns. Here is a simple chart showing how to use possessive pronouns. We use \u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a3e (child) as our base object.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Quantity<\/td>\nEnglish<\/td>\nSubject<\/td>\nObject<\/td>\nVerb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
s<\/td>\nMy<\/td>\n\u0a2e\u0a47\u0a30\u0a3e\/\u0a2e\u0a47\u0a30\u0a40<\/td>\n\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a3e\/\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a40<\/td>\n\u0a39\u0a48 (is)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
p<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u0a2e\u0a47\u0a30\u0a47\/\u0a2e\u0a47\u0a30\u0a40\u0a06\u0a02<\/td>\n\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a47\/\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a40\u0a06\u0a02<\/td>\n\u0a39\u0a28 (are)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
s<\/td>\nOur<\/td>\n\u0a38\u0a3e\u0a21\u0a3e\/\u0a38\u0a3e\u0a21\u0a40<\/td>\n\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a3e\/\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a40<\/td>\n\u0a39\u0a48 (is)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
p<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u0a38\u0a3e\u0a21\u0a40\/\u0a38\u0a3e\u0a21\u0a40\u0a06\u0a02<\/td>\n\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a47\/\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a40\u0a06\u0a02<\/td>\n\u0a39\u0a28 (are)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
s<\/td>\nYour<\/td>\n\u0a24\u0a47\u0a30\u0a3e\/\u0a24\u0a47\u0a30\u0a40<\/td>\n\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a3e\/\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a40<\/td>\n\u0a39\u0a48 (is)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
p<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u0a24\u0a47\u0a30\u0a47\/\u0a24\u0a47\u0a30\u0a40\u0a06\u0a02<\/td>\n\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a47\/\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a40\u0a06\u0a02<\/td>\n\u0a39\u0a28 (are)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
s<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u0a24\u0a41\u0a39\u0a3e\u0a21\u0a3e\/\u0a24\u0a41\u0a39\u0a3e\u0a21\u0a40<\/td>\n\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a3e\/\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a40<\/td>\n\u0a39\u0a48 (is)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
p<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u0a24\u0a41\u0a39\u0a3e\u0a21\u0a47\/\u0a24\u0a41\u0a39\u0a3e\u0a21\u0a40\u0a06\u0a02<\/td>\n\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a47\/\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a40\u0a06\u0a02<\/td>\n\u0a39\u0a28 (are)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
s<\/td>\nHis\/Her<\/td>\n\u0a09\u0a39\u0a26\u0a3e\/\u0a09\u0a39\u0a26\u0a40<\/td>\n\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a3e\/\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a40<\/td>\n\u0a39\u0a48 (is)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
p<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u0a09\u0a39\u0a26\u0a47\/\u0a09\u0a39\u0a26\u0a40\u0a06\u0a02<\/td>\n\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a47\/\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a40\u0a06\u0a02<\/td>\n\u0a39\u0a28 (are)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
s<\/td>\nTheir<\/td>\n\u0a09\u0a39\u0a28\u0a3e\u0a02 \u0a26\u0a3e\/\u0a09\u0a39\u0a28\u0a3e\u0a02 \u0a26\u0a40<\/td>\n\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a3e\/\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a40<\/td>\n\u0a39\u0a48 (is)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
p<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u0a09\u0a39\u0a28\u0a3e\u0a02 \u0a26\u0a47\/\u0a09\u0a39\u0a28\u0a3e\u0a02 \u0a26\u0a40\u0a06\u0a02<\/td>\n\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a47\/\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a40\u0a06\u0a02<\/td>\n\u0a39\u0a28 (are)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

There are 6 general possessive pronouns in Punjabi: \u0a2e\u0a47\u0a30\u0a3e, \u0a24\u0a47\u0a30\u0a3e, \u0a09\u0a39\u0a26\u0a3e, \u0a38\u0a3e\u0a21\u0a3e, \u0a24\u0a41\u0a39\u0a3e\u0a21\u0a3e, and \u0a09\u0a39\u0a28\u0a3e\u0a02 \u0a26\u0a3e. Let\u2019s take \u0a2e\u0a47\u0a30\u0a3e as an example. As you can see, the possessive pronoun \u0a2e\u0a47\u0a30\u0a3e has 4 variations: \u0a2e\u0a47\u0a30\u0a3e (singular masculine), \u0a2e\u0a47\u0a30\u0a40 (singular feminine), \u0a2e\u0a47\u0a30\u0a47 (plural masculine), and \u0a2e\u0a47\u0a30\u0a40\u0a06\u0a02 (plural feminine). The other possessive pronouns will follow this structure. Just take the stem of the word (in this case, \u0a2e\u0a47\u0a30) and add the appropriate ending.<\/p>\n

If you are in the process of deciding what possessive pronoun to use with a word, take a look at the ending of the object and match the endings. For example, if you want to say \u201cmy daughters\u201d, it would make sense to use \u0a2e\u0a47\u0a30\u0a40\u0a06\u0a02 along with \u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a40\u0a06\u0a02.<\/p>\n

Objective Pronouns<\/strong><\/p>\n

Objective pronouns are used to represent nouns when they are followed by a postposition. For example, in the sentence \u201che threw the ball to me\u201d, me <\/em>is the objective pronoun because it is the object of the verb. In Punjabi, objective pronouns are placed right after the subject and they are represented by the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\nTo<\/td>\nTo<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Me<\/td>\n\u0a2e\u0a48\u0a28\u0a42\u0a70<\/td>\n\u0a38\u0a3e\u0a28\u0a42\u0a70<\/td>\nUs<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
You (s)<\/td>\n\u0a24\u0a48\u0a28\u0a42\u0a70<\/td>\n\u0a24\u0a41\u0a39\u0a3e\u0a28\u0a42\u0a70<\/td>\nYou (p)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Him\/Her<\/td>\n\u0a09\u0a39\/\u0a09\u0a38\/\u0a07\u0a39\/\u0a07\u0a38 + \u0a28\u0a42\u0a70<\/td>\n\u0a09\u0a28\u0a3e\u0a02\/\u0a07\u0a39\u0a28\u0a3e\u0a02 + \u0a28\u0a42\u0a70<\/td>\nThem<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Here are two example sentences:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0a09\u0a39 \u0a2e\u0a48\u0a28\u0a42\u0a70 \u0a15\u0a41\u0a1d \u0a15\u0a39\u0a3f\u0a70\u0a26\u0a3e \u0a39\u0a48| \u2192 He is saying something to me.<\/li>\n
  2. \u0a2e\u0a48\u0a02 \u0a24\u0a48\u0a28\u0a42\u0a70 \u0a39\u0a71\u0a38\u0a3e\u0a09\u0a41\u0a70\u0a26\u0a3e \u0a39\u0a3e\u0a02| \u2192 I make you laugh.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Finally, here is a table comparing personal, possessive, and objective pronouns:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    <\/td>\nPersonal pronoun<\/td>\nPossessive Pronouns<\/td>\nObjective Pronouns<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    1st person<\/td>\n\u0a2e\u0a48\u0a02<\/td>\n\u0a2e\u0a47\u0a30\u0a3e, \u0a2e\u0a47\u0a30\u0a47, \u0a2e\u0a47\u0a30\u0a40, \u0a2e\u0a47\u0a30\u0a40\u0a06\u0a02<\/td>\n\u0a2e\u0a48\u0a28\u0a42\u0a70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0a05\u0a38\u0a40\u0a02<\/td>\n\u0a38\u0a3e\u0a21\u0a3e,\u0a38\u0a3e\u0a21\u0a47, \u0a38\u0a3e\u0a21\u0a40, \u0a38\u0a3e\u0a21\u0a40\u0a06\u0a02<\/td>\n\u0a38\u0a3e\u0a28\u0a42\u0a70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2nd<\/p>\n

    Person<\/td>\n

    		\u0a24\u0a42\u0a70<\/td>\n\u0a24\u0a47\u0a30\u0a3e, \u0a24\u0a47\u0a30\u0a47, \u0a24\u0a47\u0a30\u0a40, \u0a24\u0a47\u0a30\u0a40\u0a06\u0a02<\/td>\n\u0a24\u0a48\u0a28\u0a42\u0a70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0a24\u0a41\u0a38\u0a40\u0a02<\/td>\n\u0a24\u0a41\u0a39\u0a3e\u0a21\u0a3e, \u0a24\u0a41\u0a39\u0a3e\u0a21\u0a47, \u0a24\u0a41\u0a39\u0a3e\u0a21\u0a40, \u0a24\u0a41\u0a39\u0a3e\u0a21\u0a40\u0a06\u0a02<\/td>\n\u0a24\u0a41\u0a39\u0a3e\u0a28\u0a42\u0a70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    3rd person<\/td>\n\u0a07\u0a39\/\u0a09\u0a39<\/td>\n\u0a07\u0a39\u0a26\u0a3e\/\u0a09\u0a39\u0a26\u0a3e, \u0a07\u0a39\u0a26\u0a47\/\u0a09\u0a39\u0a26\u0a47,\u0a07\u0a39\u0a26\u0a40\/\u0a09\u0a39\u0a26\u0a40,<\/p>\n

    \u0a07\u0a39\u0a26\u0a40\u0a06\u0a02\/\u0a09\u0a39\u0a26\u0a40\u0a06\u0a02<\/td>\n

    		\u0a07\u0a39\u0a28\u0a42\u0a70\/\u0a09\u0a39\u0a28\u0a42\u0a70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0a07\u0a39\/\u0a09\u0a39<\/td>\n\u0a07\u0a39\u0a28\u0a3e\u0a02 \u0a26\u0a3e\/\u0a09\u0a39\u0a28\u0a3e\u0a02 \u0a26\u0a3e, \u0a07\u0a39\u0a28\u0a3e\u0a02 \u0a26\u0a47\/\u0a09\u0a39\u0a28\u0a3e\u0a02 \u0a26\u0a47,\u0a07\u0a39\u0a28\u0a3e\u0a02 \u0a26\u0a40\/\u0a09\u0a39\u0a28\u0a3e\u0a02 \u0a26\u0a40,\u0a07\u0a39\u0a28\u0a3e\u0a02 \u0a26\u0a40\u0a06\u0a02\/\u0a09\u0a39\u0a28\u0a3e\u0a02 \u0a26\u0a40\u0a06\u0a02<\/td>\n\u0a07\u0a39\u0a28\u0a3e\u0a02 \u0a28\u0a42\u0a70\/\u0a09\u0a39\u0a28\u0a3e\u0a02 \u0a28\u0a42\u0a70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Possessive pronouns are important for complex sentences because we cannot indicate possession or ownership in sentences without possessive pronouns. Here is a simple chart showing how to use possessive pronouns. We use \u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a3e (child) as our base object. Quantity English Subject Object Verb s My \u0a2e\u0a47\u0a30\u0a3e\/\u0a2e\u0a47\u0a30\u0a40 \u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a3e\/\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a40 \u0a39\u0a48 (is) p \u0a2e\u0a47\u0a30\u0a47\/\u0a2e\u0a47\u0a30\u0a40\u0a06\u0a02 \u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a47\/\u0a2c\u0a71\u0a1a\u0a40\u0a06\u0a02 \u0a39\u0a28 (are) s … Continue reading Pronouns<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":12,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/punjabi.lrc.columbia.edu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/106"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/punjabi.lrc.columbia.edu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/punjabi.lrc.columbia.edu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/punjabi.lrc.columbia.edu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/punjabi.lrc.columbia.edu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=106"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/punjabi.lrc.columbia.edu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/106\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":496,"href":"https:\/\/punjabi.lrc.columbia.edu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/106\/revisions\/496"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/punjabi.lrc.columbia.edu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=106"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}